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Why nickel does not low spin octrahedral complexes? and why co 2+ gets easily oxidised to co 3+ in presence of a strong ligand?

Why nickel does not low spin octrahedral complexes?


and


why co2+ gets easily oxidised to co3+ in presence of a strong ligand?

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2 Answers

SAGAR SINGH - IIT DELHI
878 Points
13 years ago

Dear student,

Ni have outer most electronic configuration 4s2 3d8.the hybradisation for octahedral complex is sp2d3.for low spin octahedral complexes the hybradisation is d2sp3.there is two cases for nickle for forming octahedral complexes.
first case: when the ligand is weak then there is no pairing up of electrons in the d-orbital hence there is no d-orbital for acquiring the d2sp3 hybradisation.hence low spin complexes are not formed.
second case:when the ligand is strong there is a pairing up of electrons.but there is only one vacant d-orbital available for hybradisation.so here also d2sp3 hybradisation is not formed.hence low spin octahedral complex is not formed.
thus we can concluded that nickel doesn't forms low sin octahedral complexes.

 

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Askiitians Expert

Sagar Singh

B.Tech, IIT Delhi

Kushagra Madhukar
askIITians Faculty 628 Points
3 years ago
Dear student,
Please find the answer to your question.
 
Ni have outer most electronic configuration 4s2 3d8.the hybradisation for octahedral complex is sp2d3.for low spin octahedral complexes the hybradisation is d2sp3.there is two cases for nickle for forming octahedral complexes.
first case: when the ligand is weak then there is no pairing up of electrons in the d-orbital hence there is no d-orbital for acquiring the d2sp3 hybradisation.hence low spin complexes are not formed.
second case:when the ligand is strong there is a pairing up of electrons.but there is only one vacant d-orbital available for hybradisation.so here also d2sp3 hybradisation is not formed.hence low spin octahedral complex is not formed.
 
Thus we can concluded that nickel doesn't forms low sin octahedral complexes.
 
Co2+is easily oxidised to Co3+in the presence of a strong ligand because in presence of strong ligand the 3d electrons pair up leaving two orbitals empty to be involved in d2sp3 hybridisation.
 
Thanks and regards,
Kushagra

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