What is the difference between lone pairs and bonded pairs?

How to identify in a given compound?

Plz explain elaborately.

As the name suggests, a bonded pair is involved in bonding

whereas a lone pair is free and doesnot form any bond. But it

can form a bond during a reaction with other compound.

To identify you need to know the valency and electronic

configuration of each element of the compound and the octet

rule. Please refer to a standard textbook (like NCERT class XIth

chemistry textbook) to get a proper understanding because

there are exceptions to these things.