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Autoreduction or air reduction is very popular reaction in metallurgy. It is a process in which sulphide ores of less electropositive metals like Hg, Pb, Cu etc., are heated in air so as to convert part of the ore into oxide or sulphate which then reacts with the remaining of sulphide ore in absence of air to give the metal and sulphur dioxide. Since no external reducing agent is used in this process that is why it is referred as auto reduction.
Examples;
In the extraction of Cu, from its sulphide ore, the ore is subjected to partial roasting in air to give its oxide.
2Cu2S + 3O2 →2CuO +2SO2
When the supply of air is stopped and the temperature is raised, the rest of the sulphide reacts with oxide and forms the metal.
Cu2S +2Cu2O →6Cu +SO2
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