Dear student
 
Classification: The systematic arrangements of living things into different groups based on their closely related characters are called classification.
 
 
The most well-known living things have common names. For example, you are probably familiar with the small, red insects dotted with little black spots. You might call them 'ladybugs' or 'ladybird beetles.' But did you know there are actually many different species of these insects? Just using common names may make it difficult for scientists to differentiate between them, so every species is given a unique scientific name.
Binomial nomenclature is the formal naming system for living things that all scientists use. It gives every species a two-part scientific name. For example, a ladybug found in the United States goes by the fancy name of Harmonia axyridis.
The first part of a scientific name, like Harmonia, is called the genus. A genus is typically the name for a small group of closely related organisms. The second part of a scientific name, axyridis in this example, is the specific epithet. It is used to identify a particular species as separate from others belonging to the same genus. Together, the genus plus the specific epithet is the full scientific name for an organism.
 
Rules for writing scientific names:
	
The initial letter of the generic name of an organism should be written in capital letter.
	
The specific name should be written in small letters.
	
The scientific names should be underlined separately when writing on paper and should be italicized while typing.	
E.g. Homo sapiens (Electronic) Homo sapiens (when handwritten)
	
		
			
				
Common name
				
Generic name
				
Specific name
			
			
				
Man
				
Homo
				
sapiens
			
			
				
Cat
				
Felis
				
catus
			
			
				
Mustard
				
Brassica
				
juncea
			
			
				
Pea
				
Pisum
				
sativum
			
			
				
Maize
				
Zea
				
mays
			
		
	
	
Significance of Binomial nomenclature
	
The binomial name of the organism is universal through the world. A single species has different common name all over the world but scientific name helps that species to individualize.
	
The nomenclature shows evolutionary relationship among various species of the same genus
	
It shows the relationship between different varieties of the genus.
	
Scientific names are based on characters and classification. So, binomial nomenclature makes the study of organism scientific and practical.
	
Scientific name can be changed if necessary.
Importance of classification
	
It provides support in favor of evolution.
	
It takes a short period for the better understanding of organism.
	
It suggests our ways of giving scientific names to the organisms.
	
It provides us information regarding the natural relationship of organisms.
	
It solves the problem of putting the organisms in their proper position.