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what is the relation between unpaired electrons and magnetic property

what is the relation between unpaired electrons and magnetic property 

Grade:11

2 Answers

Arun
25750 Points
4 years ago
The magnetic properties of a substance can be determined by examining its electron configuration: If it has unpaired electrons, then the substance is paramagnetic and if all electrons are paired, the substance is then diamagnetic.
Vikas TU
14149 Points
4 years ago
Dear student 
There are five forms of magnetic behavior. Ferromagnetism is when a material is attracted to a magnetic field and can spontaneously hold a magnetic field alone (the typical form of magnetism). Paramagnetism is when a material is attracted to a magnetic field but cannot spontaneously hold a magnetic field alone (the attraction may be too weak to observe practically). Diamagnetism is a material that expels magnetic fields (essentially non-magnetic). there is also ferrimagnetic and anti-ferromagnetic but though these are interesting they not incredibly relevant to the answer.
Electrons form the magnetic fields of materials. If a metal's atom have unpaired electrons the metal can attract a magnetic field. If all of the electrons are paired in opposite spin orbitals then the spins cancel each other out and no response to a magnetic field is observed.
Cobalt has unpaired electrons making it at minimum demonstrate paramagnetic behavior. It is however able to hold a magnetic field making it ferromagnetic. Most metals have unpaired electron and are paramagnetic (for example: aluminum, zirconium, titanium, magnesium and potassium) Ferromagnetic metals become paramagnetic at elevated temperatures and inversely many paramagnetic metals become ferromagnetic at low temperatures.
Hope this help 
Good Luck 

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