Explain the following with suitable examples:
(i) Ferromagnetism
(ii) Paramagnetism
(iii) Ferrimagnetism
(IV) Antiferromagnetism

(ii) Paramagnetism: The substances which are weakly attracted by a magnetic field due to
presence of one or more unpaired electrons are called paramagnetic substances.
E.g.: O2, Cu2+, Fe3+, Cr3+ etc.
(iii) Ferrimagnetism: In ferrimagnetic substances, the net magnetic moment is small due to
unequal number of magnetic moment of domains aligned in parallel and anti parallel
directions. These substances lose the ferrimagnetism on heating and become paramagnetic.
Examples: Fe3O4, MgFe2O4, ZnFe2O4 etc.
(iv)Anti ferromagnetism: These substances have domain structure similar to those of
ferromagnetic substances but their domains are oppositely oriented and cancel out each
other’s magnetic moment. MnO is an anti ferromagnetic substance.