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Why NH3 is most basic among the hydrides of group 15 element

Why NH3 is most basic among the hydrides of group 15 element

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Grade:12

3 Answers

Arun
25750 Points
4 years ago
BiH3>SbH3>AsH3>PH3>NH3as basic strength is in that order so acidic strength order will be the reverse of that:the reason for such trend is : as the size of central atom increases..the lone pair of electron occupies a larger volume ..in other words electron density on central atom decreases and consequently its tendency to donate a pair of electron decreases and hence its basic strength decreases as we move from NH3 to BiH3..NH3 is basic and forms salt with strong and weak acids...PH3 is a very weak base(may even be regarded as neutral)and thus forms salt with anhydrous hydrochloric acid gas...AsH3,SbH3 and BiH3 are not at all basic...all hydrides of group 15 element possesses a lone pair of electrons on central atom and thus behave as lewis bases..NH3>PH3>AsH3>SbH3>BiH3basic character of hydrides decreases as follows:
Vikas TU
14149 Points
4 years ago
Dear student 
Bases are those compounds which have a tendency to donate electrons. Hence the term, Lewis base. In group 15, the hydrides of the formula XH3 have a lone pair on the central atom. As we go down the group, size of the atom increases. And hence, ELECTRON DENSITY OVER THE GROUP 15 ELEMENT DECREASES. That's why the tendency to donate electrons decreases, hence basicity decreases down the group.
Hope this is clear.
Good Luck 
Yashraj
908 Points
3 years ago
because it will be having the largest amount of electrons 
so more electron more donation more bascity

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