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what are the propreties of s block elements , p block elements , d block elements , f block elements

what are the propreties of s block elements , p block elements , d block elements , f block elements
 
 

Grade:11

1 Answers

Arun
25750 Points
5 years ago
Properties of s-Block elements (contain s-electrons in their valence shell)
     Except H all elements of s-Block elements are active metals.
    They have +1/ +2 oxidation state.
    They form basic oxides
   They impart characteristic colour to the flame
   Generally they form ionic salts with nonmetals.
   They have low ionization potentials.
   They have very small electron gain enthalpies.
   They are solids at room temperature (Cs is liquid at about at 35oC)
   Their hydroxides are basic in nature.
 
    Properties of p-Block elements: (contain p-electrons in their valence shell)
     Most of p-Block elements are non-metals.
    They have variable oxidation states.
    They form acidic oxides
    They impart no characteristic colour to the flame
     Generally they form covalent compounds. Halogens form salts with alkali metals
     They have high ionization potentials.
     They have very large electron gain enthalpies.
     They are solids/liquids/gases at room temperature (Br is liquid)
     The aqueous solutions their oxides are acidic in nature.
 
             Properties of d-Block elements: (contain d-electrons in their valence shell).
            These elements lie in between s-block and p-block elements. These elements   are called       transition elements as they show transitional properties between s and p-block elements. The general electronic configuration of d-block elements is (n-1)d1-10ns0-2.
       Most of the d-block elements are metals.
     Most of them exhibit variable oxidation states because of the presence of   partly filled d-orbitals.    (Except Sc, Zn, Cd etc.)
     Many of their compounds are coloured.
    They readily form complexes by acting as Lewis   acids.                                                                                                                                                                      They easily form complexes (coloured).                                                                                                           Most of them and their compounds show paramagnetic, ferromagnetic behaviour.                                                                                                                                                           They act as good catalysts.
 Properties of f-Block elements: (contain f-electrons in their valence shell).
 
 
 
Electronic configuration: ns2 (n-) d0-1(n-2) f1-14

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