plz explain me how stability of borane dependsupon inert pair effect

DEAR JAUNEET,

It is stable only at low temperatures. When heated at temperature between 373 K and 575 K, it changes into higher boranes. The elements of group 13 have three electrons in their valence shell (ns²np^l) and, therefore, exhibit, oxidation state of + 3. However, it bas been observed that in addition to + 3 oxidation state, they also exhibit oxidation state of +1. The +1 oxidation state becomes more and more stable as one goes down the group from B, Al, Ga, In to Tl. The +1 oxidation state of Tl is more stable than +3 oxidation state. For e.g., thallous compounds such as TlOH and TlClO₄ are more stable than their thallic compounds. This is attributed to the inert pair effect. In the case of last element, after the removal of one electron from p-orbital, the remaining ns² (e.g. 6s²) electrons behave like stable noble gas and do not take part formation. This reluctance of the s-electron pair to take part in chemical combination is called inert pair effect. This helps to explain the stability of borane.

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