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What is the difference between radical and free radical And is there any short cut to solve the reactions without remembering the mechanisms

What is the difference between radical and free radical And is there any short cut to solve the reactions without remembering the mechanisms

Grade:12

1 Answers

Tech for Telugu
38 Points
6 years ago
Free radicals are chemical species that contain a singly occupied orbital. They are neutral and tend to be highly reactive. One of the most common classes of free-radical reactions is free-radical substitution. Here is an example of the reaction between methane and Cl2:2-radical-light1Homolytic Cleavage And “Single-Barbed” Curved ArrowsUnlike many of the reactions we have seen previously, free radical reactions do not involve the donation or acceptance of an electron lone pair and they are not ionic. Instead, free radical reactions operate through homolytic cleavage – that is, bonds break such that equal numbers of electrons are distributed to each atom. The curved arrow formalism is modified here: we draw curved arrows with a single barb, which shows the movement of a single electron: Screen Shot 2013-12-06 at 2.47.14 PMFactors That Affect Free Radical StabilityLike carbocations, free radicals are electron-deficient species. [Helpful to know: the factors which affect the stability of free radicals are the same which influence the stability of carbocations.] They can be stabilized through donation of electron density by neighbours; for this reason, radical stability increases in the order methyl sp2 –> sp . Screen Shot 2013-12-06 at 3.09.11 PMAcross a row of the periodic table, free radicals decrease in stability as the electronegativity increasesScreen Shot 2013-12-06 at 3.09.18 PMFree radicals increase in stability going down a column of the periodic table, F•

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