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explain about the behavour of electronegtivity in grup and period and how we calculate it

explain about the behavour of electronegtivity   in grup and period and  how we calculate it 

Grade:11

3 Answers

Gayatri Jayesh Bondriya
521 Points
8 years ago

Definition

Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons.

The Pauling scale is the most commonly used. Fluorine (the most electronegative element) is assigned a value of 4.0, and values range down to caesium and francium which are the least electronegative at 0.7.

 
Gayatri Jayesh Bondriya
521 Points
8 years ago
What happens if two atoms of equal electronegativity bond together?
Consider a bond between two atoms, A and B. Each atom may be forming other bonds as well as the one shown - but these are irrelevant to the argument.
If the atoms are equally electronegative, both have the same tendency to attract the bonding pair of electrons, and so it will be found on average half way between the two atoms. To get a bond like this, A and B would usually have to be the same atom. You will find this sort of bond in, for example, H2 or Cl2 molecules.
Gayatri Jayesh Bondriya
521 Points
8 years ago
Trends in electronegativity across a period
As you go across a period the electronegativity increases. The chart shows electronegativities from sodium to chlorine - you have to ignore argon. It doesn't have an electronegativity, because it doesn't form bonds.
 
Trends in electronegativity down a group
As you go down a group, electronegativity decreases. (If it increases up to fluorine, it must decrease as you go down.) The chart shows the patterns of electronegativity in Groups 1 and 7.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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