IIT JEE AIEEE Magnetism Study Material

Pierre de Mari court checked angles pointed out by a iron rod placed at various points of a natural magnet. He found that the directions were in such a way that they rounded the sphere and passed through two points diagonally opposite, which he called the ends or poles of the magnet. Later experiments showed that every magnet, regardless of its shape, has two poles, called north and south poles, that exert repulsive as well as attractive forces on other magnetic poles just as electric charges exert forces on one another.

Later William Gilbert extended de Mari court’s experiments to a variety of materials. Using the fact that a iron rod orients in some preferred directions, as per his hypothesis Earth itself is a large permanent magnet. Further a Torsion Balance was used for experiments and it was postulated that the force exerted varies inversely with the square of distance between them.

Although the force between two magnetic poles is similar to the force between two electric charges, there is an important difference: Electric charges can be isolated into two different charge particles: electron and proton, Whereas a single magnetic pole has never been isolated. That is, magnetic poles are always found in pairs.

IIT JEE AIEEE Magnetism Study Material

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