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Can you please tell, how does a conductor behave like presence of electric field inside it, effect of presence of charge at the centre or at any other point inside it, how they affect internal and external E.F.. If external E.F. is applied, then how is inside affected and vice versa.. Then presence of charge in a cavity?If it is grounded? I mean all the necessary conditions for conductors and also the same cases, when given for a hollow sphere then what happens? Please help me sir. Here E.F. is electric field.

Can you please tell, how does a conductor behave like presence of electric field inside it, effect of presence of charge at the centre or at any other point inside it, how they affect internal and external E.F.. If external E.F. is applied, then how is inside affected and vice versa.. Then presence of charge in a cavity?If it is grounded? I mean all the necessary conditions for conductors and also the same cases, when given for a hollow sphere then what happens? Please help me sir. Here E.F. is electric field.

Grade:12

1 Answers

Nirmal Singh.
askIITians Faculty 44 Points
9 years ago
One characteristic of a conductor at electrostatic equilibrium is that the electric field a charged conductor is zero. If an electric field did exist and inside the conductor then the electric field would exert a force on all electrons that were present there. This net force would begin to accelerate and move these electrons. But objects at electrostatic equilibrium have no further motion of charge about the surface. So if this were to occur, then the original claim that the object was at electrostatic equilibrium would be a false claim. If the electrons within a conductor have assumed an equilibrium state, then the net force upon those electrons is zero. The electric field lines either begin or end upon a charge and in the case of a conductor, the charge exists solely upon its outer surface. The lines extend from this surface outward, not inward. This of course presumes that our conductor does not surround a region of space where there was another charge.

To illustrate this characteristic, let's consider the space between and inside of two concentric, conducting cylinders of different radii as shown in the diagram at the right. The outer cylinder is charged positively. The inner cylinder is charged negatively. The electric field about the inner cylinder is directed towards the negatively charged cylinder. Since this cylinder does not surround a region of space where there is another charge, it can be concluded that the excess charge resides solely upon the outer surface of this inner cylinder. The electric field inside the inner cylinder would be zero. When drawing electric field lines, the lines would be drawn from the inner surface of the outer cylinder to the outer surface of the inner cylinder. For the excess charge on the outer cylinder, there is more to consider than merely the repulsive forces between charges on its surface. While the excess charge on the outer cylinder seeks to reduce repulsive forces between its excess charge, it must balance this with the tendency to be attracted to the negative charges on the inner cylinder. Since the outer cylinder surrounds a region that is charged, the characteristic of charge residing on the outer surface of the conductor does not apply.

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