Let's break down the IUPAC naming and characteristics of the given coordination complexes step by step. Each complex will be analyzed for its oxidation state, electronic configuration, coordination number, stereochemistry, and magnetic moment. This will help you understand the properties and behaviors of these complexes in a structured way.
K[Cr(H2O)2(C2O4)2].3H2O
IUPAC Name: Potassium bis(oxalato)diaquachromate(III) trihydrate
Oxidation State: The oxidation state of chromium (Cr) in this complex is +3. This is determined by the oxalate (C2O4) being a bidentate ligand with a -2 charge and water (H2O) being neutral.
Electronic Configuration: The electronic configuration of Cr in the +3 oxidation state is [Ar] 3d3.
Coordination Number: The coordination number is 6, as there are two water molecules and two oxalate ligands, each contributing two donor atoms.
Stereochemistry: The complex exhibits an octahedral geometry due to the six coordination sites filled by the ligands.
Magnetic Moment: The magnetic moment can be calculated using the formula μ = √(n(n + 2)), where n is the number of unpaired electrons. In this case, there are three unpaired electrons, leading to a magnetic moment of approximately 3.87 BM (Bohr Magneton).
CrCl3(py)3
IUPAC Name: Tris(pyridine)chromium(III) chloride
Oxidation State: The oxidation state of chromium here is also +3, as each chloride ion contributes -1 charge, balancing the +3 from chromium.
Electronic Configuration: For Cr in +3 oxidation state, the configuration remains [Ar] 3d3.
Coordination Number: The coordination number is 6, as three pyridine ligands coordinate through their nitrogen atoms.
Stereochemistry: The complex has an octahedral geometry due to the arrangement of the three bidentate ligands.
Magnetic Moment: Similar to the previous complex, the magnetic moment is approximately 3.87 BM due to the presence of three unpaired electrons.
K4[Mn(CN)6]
IUPAC Name: Potassium hexacyanomanganate(II)
Oxidation State: The oxidation state of manganese (Mn) is +2, as each cyanide (CN) ligand carries a -1 charge.
Electronic Configuration: The electronic configuration of Mn in the +2 state is [Ar] 3d5.
Coordination Number: The coordination number is 6, with six cyanide ligands coordinating to manganese.
Stereochemistry: The geometry is octahedral due to the symmetrical arrangement of the six cyanide ligands.
Magnetic Moment: The magnetic moment is 5.92 BM, resulting from the five unpaired electrons in the 3d orbitals.
[Co(NH3)5Cl-]Cl2
IUPAC Name: Pentamminechlorocobalt(III) chloride
Oxidation State: The oxidation state of cobalt (Co) is +3, as the ammonia ligands are neutral and the chloride ion contributes -1 charge.
Electronic Configuration: The electronic configuration for Co in the +3 state is [Ar] 3d6.
Coordination Number: The coordination number is 6, with five ammonia ligands and one chloride ligand coordinating to cobalt.
Stereochemistry: The complex has an octahedral geometry due to the arrangement of the ligands.
Magnetic Moment: The magnetic moment is approximately 4.90 BM, as there are four unpaired electrons in the 3d orbitals.
Cs[FeCl4]
IUPAC Name: Cesium tetrachloroferrate(III)
Oxidation State: The oxidation state of iron (Fe) is +3, as each chloride ion carries a -1 charge.
Electronic Configuration: The electronic configuration of Fe in the +3 state is [Ar] 3d5.
Coordination Number: The coordination number is 4, with four chloride ions coordinating to iron.
Stereochemistry: The geometry is tetrahedral due to the four chloride ligands.
Magnetic Moment: The magnetic moment is 5.92 BM, resulting from the five unpaired electrons in the 3d orbitals.
By analyzing these complexes, we can see how the oxidation state, coordination number, and the nature of the ligands influence their properties and behavior in various chemical environments. Understanding these aspects is crucial for predicting the reactivity and applications of coordination compounds in fields like catalysis, materials science, and bioinorganic chemistry.
