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Why chelating compounds are more stable than the non chelating compounds?

Why chelating compounds are more stable than the non chelating compounds?

Grade:12th pass

2 Answers

Pooja
askIITians Faculty 477 Points
5 years ago
Dear Student,
chelates are cyclic compounds, and to break them two activation energies are needed.
please also go through this link

https://www.askiitians.com/iit-jee-co-ordination-compounds/
Arun
25750 Points
5 years ago
Chelate ligands form more stable complexes than monodendate ligands.The major reason for this is that 'chelate effect is entropy-driven'.It can be explained as follows:

Consider two equilibria:
  • [Co(H2O)6]^2+ + 6NH3 -----> [Co(NH3)6]^3+ + 6H2O                   
 
  • [Co(H2O)6]^2+ + 3en-----> [Co(en)3]^2+ + 6H2O

In the first case, ∆S= 0(same no: of molecules on either side) 

In the second case, ∆S=+ve ( 4 molecules give (6+1)=7 molecules).

Electronically NH3 and en are the same:
  1. Both bind through N atoms.
  2. Lewis base strengths are similar.
  3. Six Co-N bonds formed in each case.
As a result,∆H values of both the reactions are almost the same. But if you look at their equilibrium constants' values, the 2nd equilibrium has a K value which is about 10^5 times than that of the 1st one.
This is because of the entropy change. 
( rem: According to the Eyring equation; ∆G°= -RTlnK =∆H- T∆S. So as ∆S increases, K value increases since ∆H valuea are almost the same).

Thus chelate effect is entropy driven. More the no: of binding groups a ligand has; more +ve ∆S is and thus higher the value of Kf will be.

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