Physical Chemistry
What is the relation b/w van dre waals radii an covalent radii?
What is the relation b/w van dre waals radii an covalent radii?
1 Answer
Aarti Gupta
Covalent radius and van der waal radii are the types of radii for expressing the atomic size.
Covalent Radius – In covalent molecule the approximate radii of atoms can be determined by measuring the distance between the atoms by X-ray diffraction and other srectroscopic techniques.This radius is reffered to as covalent radius.This is defined as one-half of the distance between the centres of the nuclei of two similar atoms bonded by a single covalent bond.
rcovalent = ½ [ internuclear distance between two bonded atoms]
For ex- the internuclear distance between two hydrogen atoms in H2 molecule is 74pm.Therefore,the covalent radius of hydrogen atom is 37pm.
Van der waal’s Radius – It is defined as half of the internuclear distance between two adjacent atoms of the same element belonging to two nearest neighbouring molecules of the same substance in solid state.
Van der waal radius of element is more than its covalent radius.Van der waal radius is about 40% more than covalent radius.
Covalent Radius – In covalent molecule the approximate radii of atoms can be determined by measuring the distance between the atoms by X-ray diffraction and other srectroscopic techniques.This radius is reffered to as covalent radius.This is defined as one-half of the distance between the centres of the nuclei of two similar atoms bonded by a single covalent bond.
rcovalent = ½ [ internuclear distance between two bonded atoms]
For ex- the internuclear distance between two hydrogen atoms in H2 molecule is 74pm.Therefore,the covalent radius of hydrogen atom is 37pm.
Van der waal’s Radius – It is defined as half of the internuclear distance between two adjacent atoms of the same element belonging to two nearest neighbouring molecules of the same substance in solid state.
Van der waal radius of element is more than its covalent radius.Van der waal radius is about 40% more than covalent radius.
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