Grade 12th passPhysical Chemistry
what is quantum machanics? explain lengthly...!!!!!!!!!!
what is quantum machanics? explain lengthly...!!!!!!!!!!
1 Answer
Pawan Prajapati
Answer :
Microscopic objects, such as electrons, have both wave-like and particle-like behaviour, so they cannot be described in terms of classical mechanics. To do so, a new branch of science called quantum mechanics was developed.
Microscopic objects, such as electrons, have both wave-like and particle-like behaviour, so they cannot be described in terms of classical mechanics. To do so, a new branch of science called quantum mechanics was developed.
Quantum mechanics was developed independently by Werner Heisenberg and Erwin Schrodinger in 1926.
· Quantum mechanics takes into account the dual nature (particle and wave) of matter.
· On the basis of quantum mechanics, a new model known as quantum mechanical model was developed.
· In the quantum mechanical model, the behaviour of microscopic particles (electrons) in a system (atom) is described by an equation known as Schrodinger equation.
Important Features of the Quantum Mechanical Model of an Atom
Important Features of the Quantum Mechanical Model of an Atom
· The energy of electrons in an atom is quantised (i.e., electrons can only have certain specific values of energy).
· The existence of quantised electronic energy states is a direct result of the wave-like property of electrons.
· The exact position and the exact velocity of an electron in an atom cannot be determined simultaneously (Heisenberg uncertainty principle).
· An atomic orbital is represented by the wave function ψ, for an electron in an atom, and is associated with a certain amount of energy.
· There can be many orbitals in an atom, but an orbital cannot contain more than two electrons.
· The orbital wave function ψ gives all the information about an electron.
· |ψ|2 is known as probability density, and from its value at different points within an atom, the probable region for finding an electron around the nucleus can be predicted.
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