Brownian motion in colloidal sols arises due to the impact of the molecules of the dispersion medium with the colloidal particles. It has been postulated that the impact of the molecules of dispersion medium on the colloidal particles are unequal. This leads to the zig-zag (random) motion of the colloidal particles.
Unbalanced bombardment of the particles of dispersed phase by molecules of dispersion medium causes Brownian motion. This stabilises the sol.