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I have to understand born haber cycle its description and formal charge
And also want to say that not getting satisfaction from this site

Rohan kumar , 6 Years ago
Grade 11
anser 1 Answers
Arun
Dear Rohan
 
 
Please ask only one question in one thread.
 

The Born Haber cycle for the formation of calcium chloride from its constituent elements involves following steps.

  • Atomization enthalpy of calcium: This step involves the conversion of solid calcium to gaseous state.

Ca(s)  Ca(g) ΔHa°(Ca) =178 kj/mol

  • Ionization enthalpy of calcium: Calcium forms di-positive ion (Ca2+), therefore the energy involve in the removal of first electron is called as first ionization energy and valued 590 kj/mol. The removal of second electron requires more energy as it’sdifficult to remove electron from a cation. Hence the second ionization energy for calcium ion is 1145 kj/mol.

Ca(g)  Ca+(g) + e-Δ HIE°= 590 kj/mol
Ca+(g)
 → Ca2+(g) + e- Δ4HIE°= 1145 kj/mol

  • Atomization enthalpy of Chlorine: This step involves dissociation of Cl2(g) into Cl(g) atoms. The reaction enthalpy is half of the bond dissociation enthalpy of chlorine. 

½ Cl2(g) → Cl(g) ;Δ Ha°= ½Δ HCl-Cl°=121 kj/mol

  • For the formation of calcium chloride, two Cl(g) requires, therefore total atomization enthalpy will be double that is 242 kj/mol.
  • Electron affinity of chlorine: This is the amount of energy released during the addition of electron in an isolated neutral gaseous chlorine atom. 

Cl(g) + e- → Cl-(g) ;Δ Hea°= -364 kj/mol 

  • Lattice enthalpy: The combination of one Ca2+ ion and two chloride ions (Cl-)to form one mole of calcium chloride release lattice energy (ΔHLE).

Ca2+ (g) + 2Cl-(g)  CaCl2(s)

Last Activity: 6 Years ago
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