Explain why (i) the dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexyl chloride? (ii) alkyl halides, though polar, are immiscible with water? (iii) Grignard reagents should be prepared under anhydrous conditions?

Hello Student
In chlorobenzene, the chlorine atom is attached to sp2chybridized carbon atom. In cyclohexyl chloride, the chlorine atom is attached to sp3 hybridized carbon atom. Hence chlorobenzene is more electronegative than cyclohexyl chloride. Therefore, the density of electrons C-Cl bond at chlorine atom is less in chlorobenzene than cyclohexyl chloride. Due to this polarity of the C-Cl bond decreases and hence dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than cyclohexyl chloride.

Hello student :- In benzene the hybridization of carbon in C-Cl is sp2 while the hybridization of carbon in C-Cl in cyclohexylchloride is sp3. The sp2 hybrid of C-Cl has less tendency to release electrons than the sp3hybrid of C-Cl.Therefore the points to be noted are:- (1) The magnitude of negative charge is less on chlorine atom of benzene as compared to the magnitude of negative charge of chlorine in cyclohexylchloride. (2) Delocalisation of lone pairs of electrons of chlorine atom over the benzene ring takes place. Therefore due to the above reasons dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexylchloride.

Hello student :- In benzene the hybridization of carbon in C-Cl is sp2 while the hybridization of carbon in C-Cl in cyclohexylchloride is sp3. The sp2 hybrid of C-Cl has less tendency to release electrons than the sp3hybrid of C-Cl.Therefore the points to be noted are:- (1) The magnitude of negative charge is less on chlorine atom of benzene as compared to the magnitude of negative charge of chlorine in cyclohexylchloride. (2) Delocalisation of lone pairs of electrons of chlorine atom over the benzene ring takes place. Therefore due to the above reasons dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexylchloride.best of luck..

Hello student :- In benzene the hybridization of carbon in C-Cl is sp2 while the hybridization of carbon in C-Cl in cyclohexylchloride is sp3. The sp2 hybrid of C-Cl has less tendency to release electrons than the sp3hybrid of C-Cl.Therefore the points to be noted are:- (1) The magnitude of negative charge is less on chlorine atom of benzene as compared to the magnitude of negative charge of chlorine in cyclohexylchloride. (2) Delocalisation of lone pairs of electrons of chlorine atom over the benzene ring takes place. Therefore due to the above reasons dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexylchloride.best of luck...

Hello student :- In benzene the hybridization of carbon in C-Cl is sp2 while the hybridization of carbon in C-Cl in cyclohexylchloride is sp3. The sp2 hybrid of C-Cl has less tendency to release electrons than the sp3hybrid of C-Cl.Therefore the points to be noted are:- (1) The magnitude of negative charge is less on chlorine atom of benzene as compared to the magnitude of negative charge of chlorine in cyclohexylchloride. (2) Delocalisation of lone pairs of electrons of chlorine atom over the benzene ring takes place. Therefore due to the above reasons dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexylchloride.best of luck....