Grade 12th passPhysical Chemistry
Explain the stability order of following:I) HClO>hclo2>hclo3>hclo42)hio3>hbro3>hclo3
Explain the stability order of following:
I) HClO>hclo2>hclo3>hclo4
2)hio3>hbro3>hclo3
1 Answer
Arun
For thermal stability, there are two main reasons to understand the order that HClO
Firstly,a higher oxidation number of the central chlorine atom means more positive charge in the Cl atom, which will enhance the attraction force between the Cl atom and the O (or OH) ligands. Therefore the bond length of the Cl-O in the ClO4-(145pm) is shorter than that in ClO2-(157pm) and ClO3-(164pm).
Firstly,a higher oxidation number of the central chlorine atom means more positive charge in the Cl atom, which will enhance the attraction force between the Cl atom and the O (or OH) ligands. Therefore the bond length of the Cl-O in the ClO4-(145pm) is shorter than that in ClO2-(157pm) and ClO3-(164pm).
Secondly, the stability of a substance is related to the structure symmetry. For HClO4, the point group is C3v (Td for ClO4-), a much higher symmetric structure compared with the HClO whose point group is Cs. When a chemistry reaction occurs to a certain specie, it must happens on a specific site of the molecule. A high symmetric molecule will have a tendency to maintain a high symmetry which will lead to a relative chemistry inertness.
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