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Azeotrope is a mixture of two or more liquids whose proportions cannot be altered by simple distillation. In simple words, the ratio in which two components are present in a mixture is same even in vapor phase.
For example: If a mixture of ethanol and water is given. The amount of ethanol is 97% and water is 3% then in vapor phase the ethanol is 97% and water is 3%.
There are two types of Azeotropes.
1- Minimum Boiling Azeotrope : It is nothing but Positive deviation from Raoult’s Law.
2- Maximum Boiling Azeotrope: It is Negative deviation from Raoult’s Law.
At 1 atm pressure HCl and H2O form an azeotrope containing 20.24% by weight of HCl. So the water is 100–20.24 = 79.76%.
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