Grade 11Physical Chemistry
can you explain Dalton's Atomic Theory
can you explain Dalton's Atomic Theory
1 Answer
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DALTON’S ATOMIC THEORY
John Dalton, in 1803, proposed the Atomic Theory of Matter on the basis of law of chemical combination and other related chemical observation. He stated that:
– All matter is made of atoms which are indivisible and indestructible ultimate particles.
– All the atoms of a given element are identical, both in mass and chemical properties.
– However, atoms of different elements have different masses and different chemical numbers.
– Compounds are formed by the combination of different atoms in the ratio of small whole numbers.
– Chemical reactions involve only combination, separation or rearrangement of atoms.
– Atoms are neither created nor destroyed in the course of an ordinary chemical reaction.
Even today, the scientific community accepts the hypothesis of John Dalton with two modifications: (i) an atom is divisible and destructible, and (ii) all atoms of an element are not identical in mass. However, these aspects have not affected the basic philosophy of Dalton.
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