If i will go with finding the equivalent wt of naoh in this reaction: NAOH+HCL=NACL+H2O here AS WE KNOW THAT 1 MOL OF HCL MEANS 1 EQUIVALENT OF IT AND 1 MOL OF H2O(WATER) MEANS 2 EQUIVALENT OF IT.BUT IN THE ABOVE REACTION IF I GO LIKE THAT THE LAW OF EQUIVALENCE WILL BE VIOLATED BCOZ HCL WOULD BE 1 EQUIVALENT AND H2O WOULD BE 2 EQUIVALENT.WHERE I'VE COMMITTED THE MISTAKE?PLS ANALYSE THE CONCEPT OR REFER ME TO READ SOME BOOKS ON IT! And yeah i know this problem can also be solved by using thag formula,if naoh contains 2 parts of OH then the equivalent of NAOH will be 1/2.i don't wanna solve it frm this method.bt as this is also derived from the same concept that the combination of hydrogen of 1 part.the why'm i getting the ambiguous situation in the above method. And if i assume that in the above reaction equivalents of hcl would be 1 only means 1 mol of H2O contains 1 equivalent of it means 1 equivalent of hydrogen and 1 equivalent of oxygen.so in case of hydrogen 2 moks of hydrogen means 1 equivalent of it.means 1 equivalent of hydrogen contains 2 mol of it and hence the definition itself is changed.the whole equivalent concept will go wrong,bcoz we consider hydrogen as a standard atom in equivalent concept and its 1 equivalent should 1 mol of it only.pls help!!!!!

Let's break down your question about the reaction between sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) to clarify the concept of equivalents and how they apply in this context. The reaction you mentioned is:

NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O

Understanding Equivalents in Reactions

In chemistry, the concept of equivalents is crucial for understanding how substances react with one another. An equivalent is defined as the amount of a substance that will react with or supply one mole of hydrogen ions (H⁺) in a reaction. Let's analyze the components of your reaction step by step.

Equivalents of HCl

For hydrochloric acid (HCl), it dissociates completely in water to produce H⁺ ions:

HCl → H⁺ + Cl^-

Since one mole of HCl produces one mole of H⁺, we say that 1 mole of HCl is equivalent to 1 equivalent. Therefore, in your reaction, if you have 1 mole of HCl, you have 1 equivalent of HCl.

Equivalents of NaOH

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) also dissociates in water:

NaOH → Na⁺ + OH^-

Each mole of NaOH provides one mole of hydroxide ions (OH^-), which can react with one mole of H⁺ ions. Thus, 1 mole of NaOH is equivalent to 1 equivalent of NaOH. In this reaction, 1 mole of NaOH will neutralize 1 mole of HCl, producing 1 mole of NaCl and 1 mole of water.

Equivalents of Water

Now, regarding water (H₂O), it is important to clarify the concept of equivalents. Water is not typically considered in terms of equivalents in acid-base reactions because it does not donate protons in the same way acids and bases do. The confusion arises when you think of water as having two hydrogen atoms. While it does contain two hydrogen atoms, in the context of acid-base reactions, we focus on the transfer of protons.

In this reaction, water is simply a product formed from the neutralization of H⁺ and OH^- ions. Therefore, it does not contribute to the equivalent concept in the same way that HCl and NaOH do.

Clarifying the Misunderstanding

The mistake in your reasoning seems to stem from trying to apply the concept of equivalents to water as if it were an acid or base. In acid-base reactions, we primarily consider the species that donate or accept protons. Water is a neutral molecule and does not participate in the equivalent calculations in this context.

Key Takeaways

• 1 mole of HCl = 1 equivalent of HCl (provides 1 mole of H⁺)
• 1 mole of NaOH = 1 equivalent of NaOH (provides 1 mole of OH^-)
• Water does not contribute to the equivalent concept in acid-base reactions.

To summarize, in the reaction between NaOH and HCl, both reactants are equivalent to one another in terms of their ability to neutralize each other. Water is simply a product of this neutralization and does not alter the balance of equivalents in the reaction.

Further Reading

If you're interested in diving deeper into the concept of equivalents and acid-base reactions, I recommend looking into general chemistry textbooks such as:

• "Chemistry: The Central Science" by Brown, LeMay, and Bursten
• "General Chemistry" by Raymond Chang
• "Chemistry" by Zumdahl and Zumdahl

These resources provide a solid foundation in understanding chemical reactions, stoichiometry, and the concept of equivalents. If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask!