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Explain VSEPR theory in detail.

Explain VSEPR theory in detail.

Grade:12th Pass

2 Answers

Anjali Ahuja
askIITians Faculty 234 Points
9 years ago
Hello student
You can refer to this link for studyng the theory and more about it
http://www.askiitians.com/iit-jee-chemical-bonding/valence-shell-electron-pair-repulsion-theory/
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Raheema Javed
156 Points
9 years ago
Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory is a model used, in chemistry, to predict the geometry of individual molecules from the number of electron pairs surrounding their central atoms. It is also named Gillespie–Nyholm theory after its two main developers.

The premise of VSEPR is that the valence electron pairs surrounding an atom tend to repel each other, and will therefore adopt an arrangement that minimizes this repulsion, thus determining the molecule's geometry. The sum of the number of atoms bonded to a central atom and the number of lone pairs formed by its nonbonding valence electrons is known as the central atom's steric number.

VSEPR theory is usually compared with valence bond theory, which addresses molecular shape through orbitals that are energetically accessible for bonding. Valence bond theory concerns itself with the formation of sigma and pi bonds. Molecular orbital theory is another model for understanding how atoms and electrons are assembled into molecules and polyatomic ions.

AXE Method

The "AXE method" of electron counting is commonly used when applying the VSEPR theory. The A represents the central atom and always has an implied subscript one. The X represents the number of ligands (atoms bonded to A). The E represents the number of lone electron pairs surrounding the central atom. The sum of X and E is known as the steric number.

Based on the steric number and distribution of X's and E's, VSEPR theory makes the predictions in the following tables. Note that the geometries are named according to the atomic positions only and not the electron arrangement. For example the description of AX2E1 as a bent molecule means that the three atoms AX2 are not in one straight line, although the lone pair helps to determine the geometry.





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