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If the atom consists of single bond then it is sp3 hyberdised atom, if double then it is sp2, if triple then sp
dear geoffery , hybridisation of PCl5 is hybridisation of central atom (P) of this molecule ...
hybridisation of N in NH3 is SP3 & O in H2O is SP3 ...
short trick for hybridisation =>
n =[ number of electron in valence shell + number of monovalent atoms attached(like H,Cl etc) - charge on molecule]/2
for n = 2 - hybridisation is SP ,
n =3 hybridisation is SP2 ,
for n = 4 - SP3 & so on .........
eg=> NH3 ..... valence electrons = 5 , monovalent atoms = 3 , charge = 0 so
n = [5+3-0]/2 = 4 , hybridisation is SP3
eg=> NH4+, n = 5+4-1/2 = 4 , SP3
eq=> CO2 , n = 4/2 = 2 = SP (here in this molecule monovalent atoms are 0)
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