Grade 11Physical Chemistry
Preparation of Na2CO3 with solvay process with diagram easily explantion . equtions
Preparation of Na2CO3 with solvay process with diagram easily explantion . equtions
2 Answers
SAGAR SINGH - IIT DELHI
Dear student,
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Flow Chart
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Chemistry of Solvay tower
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| CO2 reacts with ammonia to form ammonium carbonate. | |
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2NH3 + CO2 + H2O è(NH4)2CO3
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| Ammonium carbonate further reacts with CO2 to form ammonium bicarbonate. | |
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(NH4)2CO3 + CO2 + H2O è2NH4HCO3 (aq.)
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| Ammonium bicarbonate then react with NaCl to form sodium bicarbonate. | |
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NH4HCO3 + NaCl èNaHCO3 + NH4Cl
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| Due to exothermic nature of above reactions, solubility of NaHCO3 increases. To counter this effect , lower part of Solvay tower is cooled , ppt of NaHCO3 are separated by vacuum filtration and washed to remove ammonium salts. | |
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Conversion of NaHCO3 to Na2 CO3
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| Dry sodium bicarbonate is heated in rotary furnace called "CALCINER" to give anhydrous sodium carbonate or soda ash. Carbon dioxide is recirculated to carbonation tower. | |
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2NaHCO3 èNa2 CO3 + CO2 + H2 O
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Ammonia recovery process
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| When CaCO3 is heated, CaO is obtained along with CO2 . CaO is treated with water to form Ca(OH)2 . | |
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CaO + H2 O èCa(OH)2
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| Quick lime is heated with NH4 Cl to form NH3 and calcium chloride (by product) . Ammonia is used again in this process. | |
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2NH4 Cl + Ca(OH)2 èCaCl2 + 2NH3 + 2H2 O
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Shankhaneel Roy
Step 1:-NaCl + NH3 + CO2 + H2O ---> NaHCO3 + NH4ClStep 2:-2NaHCO3 + ∆ ---> Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2OStep 3:-2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 ---> 2NH3 + CaCl2 + 2H2O
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