The one which tends to make the Hydrogen bonds with water and have polar groups as substituents attached to the compound would be soluble in water.
Here, Phenol has both polar and unpolar group and would be partially soluble and insoluble in water.
Formic acid would make H bonds and would be strongly soluble in water.
Toulene would be insoluble as has non polar groups.
And so is the CHCl3 that is chloroform would be insouluble too.