pls explain each point with detailed concept and examples

Dear Krish Mishra,

What is Quantum Physics?

Quantum physics is a branch of science that deals with discrete, indivisible units of energy called quanta as described by the Quantum Theory. There are five main ideas represented in Quantum Theory:

1. Energy is not continuous, but comes in small but discrete units. 
2. The elementary particles behave both like particles and like waves. 
3. The movement of these particles is inherently random. 
4. It is physically impossible to know both the position and the momentum of a particle at the same time. The more precisely one is known, the less precise the measurement of the other is.
5. The atomic world is nothing like the world we live in. 

While at a glance this may seem like just another strange theory, it contains many clues as to the fundamental nature of the universe and is more important then even relativity in the grand scheme of things (if any one thing at that level could be said to be more important then anything else). Furthermore, it describes the nature of the universe as being much different then the world we see. As Niels Bohr said, "Anyone who is not shocked by quantum theory has not understood it." 

What is Classical Physics?

Classical physics is a branch of physics in which matter and energy are two separate concepts. Based primarily on Sir Isaac Newton's laws of motion and James Clerk Maxwell's theory of electromagnetic radiation, classical physics is generally divided into several different areas. These areas include mechanics, dynamics, hydrodynamics, statics, optics, thermodynamics and acoustics, as well as the study of magnetism and electricity. The laws of conservation of mass, conservation of energy and conservation of momentum are also very important to classical physics. They state that mass and energy can be neither created nor destroyed, and the momentum of an object will only be changed if an outside force acts on it.

What is Relativistics Mechanics?

It is the branch of theoretical physics that considers the classical laws of motion of bodies or particles at rates of motion ν comparable with the speed of light. Relativistic mechanics is based on the theory of relativity. The basic equations of relativistic mechanics—the relativistic generalization of Newton’s second law and the relativistic law of conservation of energy-momentum—satisfy the requirements of Einstein’s relativity principle. In particular, it follows from these equations that the speed of material objects cannot exceed c, the speed of light in a vacuum. When ν « c, relativistic mechanics reduces to classical Newtonian mechanics.

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