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Grade 12Physical Chemistry

let f(x)= ∫x0 5+|1-t| dt, if x>2 5x+1, if x
  1. discontinous at x=2
  2. not differentiable at x=2
  3. continuous at x=2
  4. diffrentiable at x=2

Profile image of Himadri Tripathi
8 Years agoGrade 12
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1 Answer

Profile image of Askiitians Tutor Team
ApprovedApproved Tutor Answer1 Year ago

To analyze the function \( f(x) \) defined piecewise, we need to break it down into its components and examine its behavior at the point of interest, which is \( x = 2 \). The function is defined as follows:

  • For \( x \leq 2 \): \( f(x) = \int_0^x (5 + |1 - t|) \, dt \)
  • For \( x > 2 \): \( f(x) = 5x + 1 \)

Step 1: Evaluating Continuity at \( x = 2 \)

To determine if \( f(x) \) is continuous at \( x = 2 \), we need to check the following:

  • The limit of \( f(x) \) as \( x \) approaches 2 from the left, \( f(2^-) \).
  • The limit of \( f(x) \) as \( x \) approaches 2 from the right, \( f(2^+) \).
  • The value of \( f(2) \).

Calculating \( f(2) \)

First, we find \( f(2) \) using the integral definition:

\( f(2) = \int_0^2 (5 + |1 - t|) \, dt \)

To evaluate this integral, we need to consider the expression \( |1 - t| \). For \( t \) in the interval [0, 2], we have:

  • For \( t < 1 \), \( |1 - t| = 1 - t \)
  • For \( t \geq 1 \), \( |1 - t| = t - 1 \)

Thus, we can split the integral:

\( f(2) = \int_0^1 (5 + (1 - t)) \, dt + \int_1^2 (5 + (t - 1)) \, dt \)

Calculating each part:

\( \int_0^1 (6 - t) \, dt = \left[ 6t - \frac{t^2}{2} \right]_0^1 = 6 - \frac{1}{2} = \frac{11}{2} \)

\( \int_1^2 (4 + t) \, dt = \left[ 4t + \frac{t^2}{2} \right]_1^2 = (8 + 2) - (4 + 0.5) = 10 - 4.5 = 5.5 \)

Combining these results gives:

\( f(2) = \frac{11}{2} + 5.5 = \frac{11}{2} + \frac{11}{2} = 11 \)

Finding \( f(2^-) \) and \( f(2^+) \)

Next, we calculate the left-hand limit:

\( f(2^-) = f(2) = 11 \)

Now, for the right-hand limit:

\( f(2^+) = 5(2) + 1 = 10 + 1 = 11 \)

Step 2: Conclusion on Continuity

Since \( f(2^-) = f(2) = f(2^+) = 11 \), we conclude that \( f(x) \) is continuous at \( x = 2 \).

Step 3: Checking Differentiability at \( x = 2 \)

To determine if \( f(x) \) is differentiable at \( x = 2 \), we need to check the derivatives from both sides:

Finding \( f'(2^-) \)

Using the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, we differentiate the integral for \( x < 2 \):

\( f'(x) = 5 + |1 - x| \)

At \( x = 2 \), we have:

\( f'(2^-) = 5 + |1 - 2| = 5 + 1 = 6 \)

Finding \( f'(2^+) \)

For \( x > 2 \), the derivative is simply:

\( f'(x) = 5 \)

At \( x = 2 \), we have:

\( f'(2^+) = 5 \)

Final Thoughts on Differentiability

Since \( f'(2^-) = 6 \) and \( f'(2^+) = 5 \), the left-hand and right-hand derivatives are not equal. Therefore, \( f(x) \) is not differentiable at \( x = 2 \).

In summary, the function \( f(x) \) is continuous at \( x = 2 \) but not differentiable at that point. This analysis highlights the importance of checking both continuity and differentiability separately, especially at points where the definition of the function changes.