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what is cancer? how it is caused. tell about its diagnosis and treatment

what is cancer? how it is caused. tell about its diagnosis and treatment 

Grade:12

2 Answers

Gaurav
askIITians Faculty 164 Points
9 years ago
Hello Student
Cancer is the uncontrolled cell division which leads to the formation of masse of cells called Tumors. These cancerous cells are continue to divide due to lost the propert of contact inhibition.
It is caused by physical, chemical, and biological agents called Cacenogens. There are (X-rays, Gamma rays) and non-ionising radiations as UV – rays,tobacco smoking, sodium azaide etc.cancer causing viruses called oncogenic viruses, cellular oncogenes or proto oncegenes in normal cells.It is detected and diagnosed by some tests such as biopsy of cancerous cell, histo-pathological study of tissues. Radiography techniques such as X-ray, CT, PET, SPECT.
IT’s treatment by: –
  • Radiotherapy
  • Immunotherapy
  • Chemotherapy
  • Cryosurgery
  • Laser therapy etc.
Raheema Javed
156 Points
9 years ago
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Not all tumors are cancerous; benign tumors do not spread to other parts of the body.

Possible signs and symptoms include: a new lump, abnormal bleeding, a prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss, and a change in bowel movements, among others. While these symptoms may indicate cancer they may also occur due to other issues.

Causes:
Tobacco use is the cause of about 22% of cancer deaths. Another 10% is due to obesity, a poor diet, lack of physical activity, and drinking alcohol. Other factors include certain infections, exposure to ionizing radiation, and environmental pollutants. In the developing world nearly 20% of cancers are due to infections such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and human papillomavirus. These factors act, at least partly, by changing the genes of a cell. Typically many such genetic changes are required before cancer develops. Approximately 5–10% of cancers are due to genetic defects inherited from a person's parents.

Diagnosis and Treatment:
Cancer can be detected by certain signs and symptoms or screening tests. It is then typically further investigated by medical imaging and confirmed by biopsy.
Many treatment options for cancer exist, with the primary ones including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy and palliative care. Which treatments are used depends upon the type, location, and grade of the cancer as well as the person's health and wishes. The treatment intent may be curative or not curative.

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