what happens during stomatal opening

1. malate enter into the guard cell
2. h+ extruding from guard cells
3. k+ enters into the guard cell
4. all of these

Hello Student
Correct answer is 4. all of these
When blue light received by pigment present stomata guard cell H-ATPase becomes activated due to hyperpolarisation of membrane which extruded from guard cell to putside so negative charge develop inside the cell to overcome this negative charge K⁺ion enters into cell malate ion also enters into the cell to balance the positive charge which develop due to K⁺.

The correct answer is (4) all of these

When conditions are conducive to stomatal opening (e.g., high light intensity and high humidity), a proton pump drives protons (H+) from the guard cells. This means that the cells' electrical potential becomes increasingly negative. The negative potential opens potassium voltage-gated channels and so an uptake of potassium ions (K+) occurs. To maintain this internal negative voltage so that entry of potassium ions does not stop, negative ions balance the influx of potassium. In some cases, chloride ions enter, while in other plants the organic ion malate is produced in guard cells. This increase in solute concentration lowers the water potential inside the cell, which results in the diffusion of water into the cell through osmosis. This increases the cell's volume and turgor pressure. Then, because of rings of cellulose microfibrils that prevent the width of the guard cells from swelling, and thus only allow the extra turgor pressure to elongate the guard cells, whose ends are held firmly in place by surrounding epidermal cells, the two guard cells lengthen by bowing apart from one another, creating an open pore through which gas can move.