Can u ans the wave optic q from neet 2025 paper where malus law was applied I tried to attach the file

Malus's Law is a fundamental principle in wave optics that describes how the intensity of polarized light changes as it passes through a polarizer. According to this law, the intensity of light after passing through a polarizer is given by the formula:

Malus's Law Formula

The intensity \( I \) after passing through a polarizer can be calculated using:

I = I_0 \cos^2(\theta)

Where:

• I_0 is the initial intensity of the polarized light.
• \theta is the angle between the light's polarization direction and the axis of the polarizer.

Application in NEET Questions

In NEET questions involving Malus's Law, you may encounter scenarios where light passes through multiple polarizers or where angles are given. Here’s how to approach such problems:

• Identify the initial intensity of the light.
• Determine the angle of polarization relative to the first polarizer.
• Apply Malus's Law for each polarizer sequentially if there are multiple.

Example Problem

Suppose you have polarized light with an intensity of 100 W/m² passing through two polarizers. The first polarizer is at 30 degrees to the light's polarization direction, and the second is at 60 degrees to the first. You would calculate:

• Intensity after the first polarizer: I_1 = 100 \cos^2(30°) = 100 \times (0.866)^2 = 75 W/m²
• Intensity after the second polarizer: I_2 = 75 \cos^2(30°) = 75 \times (0.5)^2 = 18.75 W/m²

This example illustrates how to apply Malus's Law step by step. If you have a specific question or scenario from the NEET 2025 paper, feel free to describe it, and I can help you analyze it further!