WHAT ARE PERODIC AND HARMONIC MOTION

1. Periodic motion

    If a particle moves such that it repeats its path regularly after equal intervals of time , it's motion is said to be periodic.
    The interval of time required to complete one cycle of motion is called time period of motion.
    If a body in periodic motion moves back and forth over the same path then the motion is said to be viberatory or oscillatory.
    Examples of such motion are to and fro motion of pendulum , viberations of a tuning fork , mass attached to a spring and many more.
    Every oscillatory motion is periodic but every periodic motion is not oscillatory for example motion of earth around the sun is periodic but not oscillatory.
    Simple Harmonic Motion (or SHM) is the simplest form of oscillatory motion.
    SHM arises when force on oscillating body is directly proportional to the displacement from it's equilibrium position and at any point of motion , this force is directed towards the equilibrium position.

2. Simple Harmonic Motion (or SHM)

    SHM is a particular type of motion very common in nature.
    In SHM force acting on the particle is always directed towards a fixed point known as equilibrium position and the magnitude of force is directly proportional to the displacement of particle from the equilibrium position and is given by
         F= -kx
    where k is the force constant and negative sign shows that fforce opposes increase in x.
    This force os known as restoring force which takes the particle back towards the equilibrium position , and opposes increase in displacement.
    S.I. unit of force constant k is N/m and magnitude of k depends on elastic properties of system under consideration.
    For understanding the nature of SHM consider a block of mass m whose one end is attached to a spring and another end is held stationary and this block is placed on a smooth horizontal surface shown below in the fig.

 

 

 

 

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