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what exactly is thermo dymanic equilibrium? do the state variables remain constant w.r.t. to ohter systems or surroundings, or do they keep changing uniformly?

Nishtha Gahlot , 8 Years ago
Grade 12
anser 1 Answers
Mihir

Last Activity: 8 Years ago

Thermal equilibrium means that there is no temperature gradient in the ‘system’. Now you can reason this out in the following way- If there is a temperature gradient, then you will have a non-zero thermal current in the system which definitely doesn’t describe thermal equilibrium. Besides, you can keep in mind that equilibrium is a state of minimum energy. Therefore, the system is at a temperature at which its enthalpy is minimum.
In mathematical terms, you can say  dH/dT =0.
 
 

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