100 gm of ice at 0 degree C is mixed with 100 gm of water at 20 degree C. The temp. of the mixture will be-1)-302)-203)-104)0 degree celcius

To determine the final temperature of the mixture when 100 grams of ice at 0 degrees Celsius is mixed with 100 grams of water at 20 degrees Celsius, we need to consider the heat exchange between the ice and the water. This process involves understanding the concepts of heat transfer, phase changes, and specific heat capacities.

Understanding the Components

We have two components in this scenario:

• Ice: 100 grams at 0 degrees Celsius
• Water: 100 grams at 20 degrees Celsius

Heat Transfer Process

When the two substances are mixed, heat will flow from the warmer water to the colder ice. The ice will absorb heat and start melting, while the water will cool down. The key points to consider are:

• The specific heat capacity of water is approximately 4.18 J/g°C.
• The latent heat of fusion for ice (the energy required to melt ice) is about 334 J/g.

Calculating Heat Transfer

First, let's calculate how much heat is needed to melt the ice completely:

Heat required to melt ice = mass of ice × latent heat of fusion

Heat required = 100 g × 334 J/g = 33400 J

Next, we calculate how much heat the warm water can lose as it cools down from 20 degrees Celsius to 0 degrees Celsius:

Heat lost by water = mass of water × specific heat capacity × change in temperature

Heat lost = 100 g × 4.18 J/g°C × (20°C - 0°C) = 8360 J

Comparing Heat Transfer

Now, we compare the heat required to melt the ice with the heat lost by the water:

• Heat required to melt ice: 33400 J
• Heat lost by water: 8360 J

Since the heat lost by the water (8360 J) is less than the heat required to melt the ice (33400 J), not all the ice will melt. Instead, the water will cool down to 0 degrees Celsius, and some of the ice will remain unmelted.

Final Temperature of the Mixture

At equilibrium, the final temperature of the mixture will be 0 degrees Celsius. This is because the water can only cool down to 0 degrees Celsius before it starts freezing, and the remaining ice will not melt completely due to insufficient heat transfer from the water.

Therefore, the answer to your question is that the temperature of the mixture will be:

• 0 degrees Celsius