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Inside adsorbent or bulk ,all the forces acting between particles are mutually balanced. But on the surface particles experiences the residual forces which is an attractive force by atoms or molecules and this force is experienced by bulk side only. This force of adsorbent are responsible for attracting the particles of adsorbate on the surface.
During this process means adsorption the residual forces on the surface decreases and thus the surface energy on the surface also decreases which appears as a heat.
This is also one of the cause that adsorption is an exothermic process i.e. enthalpy is always negative.
During this process means adsorption the residual forces on the surface decreases as new absorbed particles will gain kinetic energy from surface energy so heat is generated due to their motion
That is why adsorption is exothermic reaction and enthalpy change is negative
Also gained randomness on surface will be less than initial randomness so entropy change is also negative
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