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Why at critical point the densities of the substance in gaseous and liquid state are same?
Critical point is defined as the highest temperature and pressure at which a substance can exist as vapour-liquid equilibrium.This highest temperature is reffered to as critical temperature(Tc) and pressure is critical pressure(Pc).The surface of separation between liquid and vapour is clearly visible in this vapour-liquid equilibrium region.It is observed that as we move towards the critical point,the liquid becomes less dense due to thermal expansion and gas becomes more dense due to compression.Eventually when the critical point is reached the density of two phases converge and become the identical.At this stage the distinction between two phases disappears and meniscus is no longer visible.
At critical temperature of a substance, it`s gas and liquid co exist. Density is a function of temperature so at the critical temperature the two states will have same density.
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