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2 Give one chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds: (i) Methylamine and dimethylamine (ii) Ethylamine and aniline (iii) Aniline and benzylamine

aditya kashyap , 11 Years ago
Grade upto college level
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Gaurav

Last Activity: 10 Years ago

Hello Student
1. Carbylamine test: Aliphatic and aromatic primary amines on heating with chloroform and ethanolic potassium hydroxide form foul-smelling isocyanides or carbylamines.
Methylamine (being an aliphatic primary amine) gives a positive carbylamine test, but dimethylamine does not.

2.Aniline and benzylamine can be distinguished by their reactions with the help of nitrous acid, which is prepared in situ from a mineral acid and sodium nitrite. Benzylamine reacts with nitrous acid to form unstable diazonium salt, which in turn gives alcohol with the evolution of nitrogen gas.
On the other hand, aniline reacts with HNO2 at a low temperature to form stable diazonium salt. Thus, nitrogen gas is not evolved.

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