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PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION AND MOLECULAR FORMULA
PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION AND MOLECULAR FORMULA For the systematic study of a compound that first step is to determine its chemical formula. This can be achieved by analyzing the compounds for the amounts of the elements (moles) in a given mass of the compound. The results so obtained are expressed as the percentage composition – that is, as the mass percentage of each element in the compound. According to law of definite proportions any sample of a pure compound always consists of the same elements combined in the same proportions by mass. Every molecule of ammonia always has the formula NH3. i.e. 1 mol of ammonia always contains 1 mol of N and 3 mol of H. In other words, 17.0 g of NH3 always contains 14.0 g of N and 3.0 g of H. The molecular composition can be expressed in either of the following three equivalent ways: (i) A formula giving the number of atoms of each type per molecule (ii) Number of moles of each element per mole of a compound (iii) Mass of each element per 100g of a compound (per cent composition)
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