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You see, furan is an enol and the ether which is usually used in Grignard as a solvent it is aprotic and can solvate the magnesium ion.
Why ether is used?
Well,
(A) It is aprotic solvent
What is aprotic?
A protic solvent is a solvent that has a hydrogen atom bound to an oxygen (as in a hydroxyl group) or a nitrogen (as in an amine group). In general terms, any solvent that contains H+ is called a protic solvent. The molecules of such solvents readily donate protons (H+) to reagents.
Conversely, aprotic solvents cannot donate hydrogen.
(B) Ether is a great solvating agent
The MgX bond in a Grignard reagent is ionic: R-Mg+lX−
Hence, it is difficult to form a Grignard reagent in a nonpolar solvent.
The C-O bond in an ether is quite polar, and the oxygen of the dipole can solvate and stabilize the R-Mg+ ion.
Regards
Arun (askIITians forum expert)
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