What is the difference between sigma and pi bond?

And give examples,

The process of mixing of atomic orbitals of nearly same energy to produce a set of entirely new orbitals of equivalent energy (hybrid orbitals) is known as hybridization. Atomic orbitals of almost the same energy belonging to the same atom or ion can take part in hybridization.. The number of hybrid orbitals formed is always equal to the number of atomic orbitals taking part in hybridization. The hybrid orbitals repel each other and tend to be farthest apart. Hybrid orbitals forms only sigma(σbonds) σ and pi bonds( π bonds )are formed by unhybridised orbitals.

HELLO THERE!

 

To understand easily,

 

If two orbitals suffer head on collision (overlap by head on collision), the resulting bond formed is sigma bond.

 

If two orbitals suffer sidewise overlap, the resulting bond formed is pi-bond.

 

 

=> Pi bond is weaker than Sigma bond, so during Resonance, Pi-bonds are delocalized (not sigma bonds).

 

=> One Sigma bond is present in a single bond (e.g, C-C)

 

=> One Sigma bond and one Pi bond is present in a double bond (e.g, C=C)

 

=> One Sigma bond and two Pi bonds are present in a triple bond.