What is inductive effect????????????????????????? Ppppppppppppppppppppppppppp

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In chemistry, theinductive effectis an experimentally observed effect of the transmission of unequal sharing of the bonding electron through a chain ofatomsin amolecule, leading to a permanentdipolein a bond.[1]It is present in aσ (sigma) bondas opposed toelectromeric effectwhich is present on aπ (pi) bond. Allhalidesare electron withdrawing groups, and allalkylsare electron donating. If the electronegative atom (missing an electron, thus having a positive charge) is then joined to a chain of atoms, usually carbon, the positive charge is relayed to the other atoms in the chain. This is the electron-withdrawing inductive effect, also known as the-Ieffect. In short, alkyl groups tend to donate electrons, leading to the inductive effect.