Grade 12Organic Chemistry

how to decide the directing nature of a group in a benzene ring or do i have to learn them all.??
please provide me with the list if i have to learn them.

Akash Sharma

10 Years agoGrade 12

2 Answers

Neeti

Approved Tutor Answer10 Years ago

You’ll have to learn them. No other way. Applying any other trick wouldn’t be a sure shot way. It’s better to learn it up. Practice lots of question and it’ll get embedded in your mind. it’s not that difficult to learn it. :)

You’ll get the list in every good chemistry book.

but here’s one:

+R:

O^-> NH2> NHR> NR2> OH>OR>NHCOR>OCOR>C6H5>F>CL>BR>I>NO>CN

-R:

NO2>SO3H>CN>CHO>COR>COX>OCOCOR(anhydride)>COOR>COOH>CONH2.

this is also the order of the groups for +R and -R respectively.

Hope it helps. :)

Neeti

10 Years ago

Generally for Benzene ring substituents or functional groups. resonance is more dominant hence that’s the list i’ve mentioned. If you have any other doubt, feel free to ask :)