How many and wgat are the Word roots of nomenclature in organic chemistry

							
 
The word root represents the number of carbon atoms in the parent chain. For the chains upto four carbon atoms special word roots are used whereas for the chains containing more than four carbon atoms, Greek numerals (Table 1) are used. The word roots for different carbon chains are derived by leaving ‘ane’ from the name of carbon chain of respective molecule.
 
 Some unbranched Chains and their Names
	
		
			
			
Name
			
			
			
Number of Carbon Atoms
			
			
			
Structure
			
		
		
			
			
Methane
			
			
			
1
			
			
			
CH4
			
		
		
			
			
Ethane
			
			
			
2
			
			
			
CH3CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Propane
			
			
			
3
			
			
			
CH3CH2CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Butane
			
			
			
4
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)2CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Pentane
			
			
			
5
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)3CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Hexane
			
			
			
6
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)4CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Heptane
			
			
			
7
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)5CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Octane
			
			
			
8
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)6CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Nonane
			
			
			
9
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)7CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Decane
			
			
			
10
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)8CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Undecane
			
			
			
11
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)9CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Dodecane
			
			
			
12
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)10CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Tridecane
			
			
			
13
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)11CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Tetradecane
			
			
			
14
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)12CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Pentadecane
			
			
			
15
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)13CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Hexadecane
			
			
			
16
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)14CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Heptadecane
			
			
			
17
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)15CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Octadecane
			
			
			
18
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)16CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Nonadecane
			
			
			
19
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)17CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Eicosane
			
			
			
20
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)18CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Heneicosane
			
			
			
21
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)19CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Docosane
			
			
			
22
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)20CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Tricosane
			
			
			
23
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)21CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Triacontane
			
			
			
30
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)28CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Hentriacontane
			
			
			
31
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)29CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Tetracontane
			
			
			
40
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)38CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Pentacontane
			
			
			
50
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)48CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Hexacontane
			
			
			
60
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)58CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Heptacontane
			
			
			
70
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)68CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Octacontane
			
			
			
80
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)78CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Nonacontane
			
			
			
90
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)88CH3
			
		
		
			
			
Hectane
			
			
			
100
			
			
			
CH3(CH2)98CH3
			
		
	
 
            The word root of one carbon chain is obtained by leaving anefrom methane i.e., meth–and similarly for others e.g.
 
                                    C1       Methane                    Meth-
                                    C2       Ethane                       Eth-
						

							
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