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Ammonolysis of alkylhalides does not give a single amine but gives a mixture of primary, secondary and tertiary amines which further react with alkyl halide to form quaternary ammonium salt as follows:
NH3 (alc.) + R-X → R-NH2 + HX
1° Amine
R-NH2 + R-X→ R2-NH + HX
2° Amine
R2-NH + R-X → R3-N + HX
3° Amine
R3-N + R-X → R4-N+X-
Tetra alkyl ammonium halide
It is difficult to separate this mixture into individual amines therefore, It is difficult to prepare pure amines by ammonolysis of alkylhalides.
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