Antiseptics and Disinfectants
 
Antiseptic are the chemicals which either kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms. Antiseptics are applied to living tissues. They can be applied to wounds, cuts, ulcers and diseased skin surfaces. All of us must have used antiseptic creams like furacin, soframycin, etc. at one or other time. Disinfectants also kill microorganisms but are not safe for living tissues. These are applied for inanimate objects such as floors, drainage systems, instruments etc. The same substance can act as an antiseptic as well as a disinfectant by varying its concentration. Thus a 0.2 percent solution is a disinfectant.
 
Chlorine in concentration of 0.2 to 0.4 parts per million (ppm) is used as a disinfectant for drinking water. Low concentrations of sulphur dioxide are used for sterilizing and preservation of squashes. Commonly used antiseptic, dettol is a mixture of chloroxylenol and terpeneol Bithional is added to soap to impart antiseptic properties. It eliminates undesirable odours resulting from bacterial decomposition of organic matter on the skin.
 
            Iodine is a powerful antiseptic. It is employed as tincture of iodine, an alcohol-water solution containing 2-3 percent iodine. Iodoform too has been in use as an antiseptic for eyes. It also forms part of antiseptic baby talcum powders.
 
            The use of hydrogen peroxide as nonirritating strong antiseptic is familiar to us.
						

							
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