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How will you distinguish:
(i) Methyl alcohol from ethyl alcohol.
(ii) Ethyl alcohol from chloroform.
Solution:
(i) Tests
Methyl alcohol
Ethyl alcohol
1. Iodoform test
On heating with I2 and NaOH
No yellow compound is formed
Yellow compound with characteristic odour is formed
2. Oil of winter green test
On heating with salicylic acid and conc. H2SO4
Gives characteristic odour of oil of winter green.
Does not give odour of oil of winter green.
3. Easter test
On heating with glacial acetic and conc. H2SO4
Forms methyl acetate with characteristic odour.
Forms ethyl acetate which has fruity odour.
(ii) Tests
Chloroform
Does not give the test.
2. Isocyanide test
On heating with aniline and alcoholic KOH
No reaction
Forms phenyl isocyanide which has a characteristic bad odour.
3. Solubility test
It is soluble in water.
It is insoluble in water.
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