Question icon
Grade 12Organic Chemistry

how to find whethera group attached to benzene ring is ortho para or mea directing?

Profile image of vishnu suresh babu
15 Years agoGrade 12
Answers icon

1 Answer

Profile image of Sanjeev Malik IIT BHU
15 Years ago

 An  Electron Donating Group(EDG)  is Ortho-para directing in nature when attached to a benzene ring. . Electron Withdrawing Groups(EWG) are  meta-directing in nature.

Halogens(-I,-Br,-F,-Cl)  as EDG are  exception because they have strong inductive effect. so overall deactivatig.

e.g,

Ortho-Para Directing Groups :

Alcohols(-OH), Ethers(-OR), -X(Halogens) , NH2  etc

Meta-Directing Groups :

-NO2(Nitro) ,-SO3H(Sulphonyl) ,Carbonyl Groups ,Esters(-COOR),Carboxylic Acids(-COOH) etc

 

please approve by clicking yes below