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Arrange the organic acids in decreasing order of acididty:
1. o-nitrophenol
2. o-hydroxobenzoicacid
3. p-hydroxobenjoicacid
4. toluic acid
hi Rupa,
the answer should be o-hydroxybenzoicacid. you can rule out options 1 and 3 as -COOH any day more acidic than -OH and in 3 there is resonance making it somewhat stable.
o-hydroxybenzoic acid is more acidic due to ortho effect. -OH when substituted at ortho position causes steric hinderance taking the -COOH group out of plane of the ring and reducing the resonance. This facilitates the easy removal of H+ and makes it more acidic......
please approve if you like my answer
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